Arabesque: the alluring eastern ornament in modern fashion

Historical significance and features of arabesque

In Europe, an arabesque typically refers to a pattern of plant motifs, while designs featuring inscriptions and geometric patterns are known as moresque. Broadly speaking, the term “arabesque” encompasses any complex, intricate pattern with an Eastern motif. A hallmark of arabesque is its continuity, with no distinct beginning or end, as all elements seamlessly connect into a unified whole. These designs can be multicolored, contrasting, or monochromatic, often achieving their elaborate appearance through varied fabric textures.

The name “arabesque” itself, translating from Italian as “Arabian,” traces its origins to the Arab East during the Middle Ages. The pattern gained prominence in Byzantium, where it was used to decorate manuscripts. By the 17th and 18th centuries, arabesque motifs spread to Europe, embellishing fabrics and even garden designs. These patterns became popular in printed textiles used for clothing.

For Muslims, arabesque symbolizes the “infinite fabric of the universe,” a concept that reflects the pattern’s continuous and boundless nature. Europeans, on the other hand, referred to it as “fear of empty space” due to its intricate and crowded designs. The vivid and unique nature of arabesque patterns quickly caught the attention of fashion designers, ensuring its lasting presence in the fashion world.